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Gravel Biking vs. Mountain Biking – Comparing Two Biking Styles

gravel biking vs mountain biking
Gravel biking and mountain biking are two of the most exhilarating ways to explore the great outdoors, each offering unique experiences that attract different types of riders. While both offer unique thrills and challenges, there are distinct differences in the terrain, equipment, and riding styles involved. Whether you’re drawn to the long, rolling paths of back country gravel roads or the technical challenges of rugged mountain trails, understanding the key differences between these cycling disciplines can help you choose the right adventure for your skills and preferences. 

In this post, we’ll dive into the defining characteristics of gravel biking and mountain biking, comparing their bikes, gear, riding techniques, and overall experiences to help you decide which is the best fit for your next ride.

 

Table of Contents

Pedals - Gravel and Mountain Bike Differences

There are a few differences between gravel and mountain bike pedals, mainly in terms of design, functionality, and the type of riding they cater to. Here’s a brief overview of these differences:
  1. Type of Pedals:
    • Gravel Bikes: Gravel bikes often use **clipless pedals** that are similar to those used on road bikes but with modifications for off-road versatility. The most common clipless pedals for gravel bikes are **SPD (Shimano Pedaling Dynamics)**, which are dual-sided and allow easy clipping in and out. Riders may also use platform pedals or hybrid pedals (clipless on one side, flat on the other) depending on their preferences.
    • Mountain Bikes: Mountain bikes also frequently use **clipless pedals**, but these are typically designed to offer a larger platform for stability and better control in rough terrain. Popular types include **SPD pedals** with larger platforms or other brands like Crankbrothers and Time. Some mountain bike riders prefer **flat pedals** for more technical or downhill riding, which provide more freedom and allow quick dismounts.
  2. Pedal Design:
    • Gravel bike pedals often feature a dual-sided design, allowing riders to clip in on either side, which is convenient for quick starts and stops during mixed-terrain rides.
    • Mountain bike pedals usually have a one-sided design with a platform on the other side, providing stability and support for technical riding conditions.
  3. Cleat and Shoe Compatibility:
    • Gravel bike pedals generally use smaller SPD-style cleats, which are recessed into the shoe sole, making them easier to walk in during off-bike sections.
    • Mountain bike pedals also use SPD-style cleats but may also feature platform options for use with flat shoes or SPD-compatible shoes.
  4. Riding Style and Terrain:
    • Gravel bike pedals cater to riders who frequently transition between various terrains, such as paved roads, gravel paths, and light off-road sections.
    • Mountain bike pedals are designed for more aggressive off-road riding, offering increased stability, grip, and durability in rough and technical terrain.
  5. Pedal Platform Size:
    • Gravel Bike Pedals: These pedals are generally smaller and lighter. They prioritize efficiency and are designed for longer, varied-surface rides where comfort, weight, and power transfer are important.
    • Mountain Bike Pedals: These pedals often have a larger platform to provide more surface area for the foot. This helps riders maintain control on bumpy and uneven trails and makes it easier to stay balanced when riding through technical sections.
  6. Clip Mechanism and Cleats:
    • Gravel Bike Pedals**: The cleats used on gravel bike pedals are usually **two-bolt cleats** (like SPD) that allow for easy walking and provide more versatility when off the bike. The clip mechanism in gravel bike pedals often has a lighter spring tension for easier clipping in and out.
    • Mountain Bike Pedals**: Similar to gravel bike pedals, mountain bike pedals also use **two-bolt cleats**, but they may have a more robust mechanism to deal with mud, dirt, and rougher conditions. Mountain bike clipless systems are designed to shed mud easily and stay secure on challenging trails.
  7. Durability and Traction:
    • Gravel Bike Pedals: They are designed with durability in mind but are typically less bulky. The focus is on a balance between weight, reliability, and ease of use across various terrain types.
    • Mountain Bike Pedals: These pedals are built to withstand rough impacts and are designed with extra traction pins or textured surfaces for better grip when using flat pedals. Clipless versions often include protective cages or robust platforms for added stability and protection against rocks or debris.
  8. Weight:
    • Gravel Bike Pedals: Usually lighter than mountain bike pedals, as weight savings are more critical for long-distance efficiency.
    • Mountain Bike Pedals: Often heavier due to the added durability, larger platforms, and mechanisms to handle rough terrain.
  9.  Shoe Compatibility:
    • Gravel Bike Pedals: Gravel-specific shoes are usually lighter and more flexible than mountain bike shoes. They allow for comfortable walking when off the bike.
    • Mountain Bike Pedals: Mountain bike shoes are typically more rigid, have added protection, and a more aggressive tread for better grip when walking on rugged trails.

Ultimately, the choice between gravel and mountain bike pedals depends on the type of riding you plan to do, and whether you value comfort and efficiency over ruggedness and traction.

Tires: Gravel Biking v Mountain Biking Tire Options

There are several key differences between gravel biking tires and mountain biking tire options. Here’s a brief overview:

  1. Tire Width:
    • Gravel biking tires typically range from 32mm to 55mm in width, providing a balance between comfort, grip, and rolling resistance on various surfaces.
    • Mountain biking tires are significantly wider, ranging from 45mm to 66mm, offering better traction and stability on rough, technical terrain.
  2. Tread Patterns:
    • Gravel biking tires often feature smaller, tightly spaced knobs or a semi-slick design for improved rolling resistance and grip on mixed surfaces like pavement, gravel, and dirt.
    • Mountain biking tires typically have more aggressive tread patterns with larger, widely spaced knobs for increased traction on loose, uneven terrain, mud, and steep inclines.
  3. Casing and Durability:
    • Gravel biking tires usually have lighter casings with less puncture protection, optimizing for speed and suppleness on less aggressive terrain.
    • Mountain biking tires often have reinforced casings and more puncture protection to withstand the rigors of off-road riding and sharp objects like rocks and roots.
  4. Tire Pressure:
    • Gravel biking tires are generally run around around 30-60 psi that are  higher pressures  than mountain biking tires, reducing rolling resistance and improving efficiency on smoother surfaces.
    • Mountain biking tires are typically run at lower pressures around 20-40 psi for better traction, shock absorption, and control on rough terrain.
  5. Tire Construction
    • Gravel Bike Tires:
      • Casing: Often lighter than mountain bike tires, with a focus on durability and puncture resistance due to mixed surfaces.
      • Tubeless Options: Tubeless-ready tires are popular for gravel bikes as they allow lower pressure for better comfort and grip while reducing the risk of pinch flats.
    • Mountain Bike Tires:
      • Casing: Generally built with more robust materials and multiple layers to withstand sharp rocks and harsh impacts. Reinforced sidewalls are common for added durability.
      • Tubeless Options: Tubeless is standard in mountain biking, allowing for lower pressure for better traction and a smoother ride, plus the added benefit of self-sealing punctures.
  6. Weight:
    • Gravel Bike Tires are generally lighter than mountain bike tires to enhance speed and efficiency over long distances.
    • Mountain Bike Tires are heavier due to thicker casing, more aggressive tread, and wider dimensions for better performance in technical environments.

  7. Durability and Puncture Protection:

    • Gravel Bike Tires: Often include puncture-resistant belts or layers to handle mixed terrain with sharp gravel and small debris.

    • Mountain Bike Tires: More robust protection layers to guard against rocks, roots, and other harsh trail features. Sidewalls often have added protection to prevent cuts.

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Choosing the right tire for your bike depends on the type of riding you plan to do and the terrain you’ll encounter. Understanding the differences between gravel and mountain biking tires will help you make an informed decision to optimize your cycling experience.

What Should I Pack with My Gravel Bike Safety Kit?

When venturing out on gravel biking adventures, it’s essential to be prepared for any unexpected situations. There are numerous other items you can have with you, but here are some essential items to include in your gravel bike safety kit:
 
  1. Spare Tube and Patch Kit: A puncture can happen at any time, so always carry a spare inner tube and a patch kit to quickly fix a flat tire. A spare tube and patch kit should be in your bike kit at all times. The day you don’t have them is the day you will need them.
  2. Spare Derailleur: There might be instances where an off-road path might be filled with rocks and fallen trees, A miss-step on one of these on the drive side might lead to a broken derailleur. If you want to have a single speed, a back-up derailleur will come in handy.
  3. Tire Levers: Tire levers are indispensable for removing and installing tires and replacing inner tubes (if you are running them), making the process much easier, especially on tight-fitting tires.
  4. Multi-Tool: A compact multi-tool with various hex keys, screwdrivers, and a chain breaker will allow you to make minor adjustments and repairs on the go.
  5. Tire Pump or CO2 Inflator: A portable tire pump or CO2 inflator is necessary to inflate your tire after fixing a puncture.
  6. Brake Pads: If your trip lasts weeks, and depending on the terrain, a set of brake pads will help. When doing downhills, especially if you are bike-packing with a loaded bike, you tend to consume your brake pads quickly. So a spare set will be the difference between a controlled stop and a bad crash. 
  7. First Aid Kit: Accidents happen, so always carry a compact first aid kit with essentials like bandages, antiseptic wipes, and gauze pads.
  8. Emergency Blanket: An emergency blanket will help keep you warm if you’re stranded or injured in colder conditions.
  9. Water and Snacks: Staying hydrated and fueled is crucial during long rides. Pack enough water and some energy-dense snacks like nuts, dried fruit, or energy bars.
  10. Sunscreen and Insect Repellent: Protect yourself from harmful UV rays and pesky insects by packing sunscreen and insect repellent, especially if you’re riding in sunny or buggy areas.
  11. Cash and Identification: Carry some cash and a form of identification, such as a driver’s license or ID card, in case of emergencies or if you need to buy supplies during your ride.
  12. Mobile Phone: A mobile phone can be a lifesaver in emergencies and allows you to stay connected with others or use navigation apps during your ride.
    Bike Lights: If you’re riding in low-light conditions, having front and rear bike lights will help increase your visibility and keep you safe.
  13. Zip Ties and Duct Tape: Zip ties and duct tape can be incredibly versatile in fixing temporary issues with your bike or gear until you can get proper repairs.
  14. Hydration and Nutrition: At a minimum you need water bottles or hydration packs. Ensure you have enough water for the duration of your ride. You also need electrolyte tablets or powder to replenish minerals lost through sweat. Energy Gels or Bars are quick sources of energy to keep you fueled during long rides. Snacks are high density energy sources for extended rides. 
Packing a well-prepared safety kit for gravel biking is essential for dealing with potential issues that might arise on long or remote rides. Ensuring that your gravel bike safety kit is comprehensive will give you peace of mind and help you handle unexpected challenges on the trail.

My Tips for Preparing For Upcoming Gravel Bike Rides

I had written a post about cycling in the Catskills region in NY, and how to book a perfect bike trip. Gravel rides requires slightly different tools and supplies, but the overall approach is the same.
 
For an upcoming gravel rides here are some tips to help you get ready:
 
  1. Plan Your Route: Research and plan your route ahead of time, taking into consideration factors like distance, elevation, terrain, and potential hazards.
  2. Check Your Bike: Inspect your bike for any issues, such as loose bolts, worn-out brake pads, or low tire pressure. Make sure your bike is in good condition and properly adjusted for your ride.
  3. Train Consistently: Regularly engage in a combination of endurance, interval, and strength training to build your fitness and prepare your body for the demands of gravel riding. Gravel trails are rougher than road rides. The bike tires are thicker and heavier, adding to rolling resistance. This takes more energy to pedal through. So proper training – both mentally and physically, is important.
  4. Practice Bike Handling Skills: Work on your bike handling skills by practicing cornering, braking, and navigating various terrain types. This will help you feel more confident and in control on the trail. Gravel, with sand and lose rocks, tend to be more slippery, especially with a loaded bike, if you are on a bike-packing trip.
  5. Fuel Your Body: Maintain a well-balanced diet and stay hydrated before, during, and after your rides. Eating a mix of complex carbohydrates, lean protein, and healthy fats will help you perform at your best.
  6. Get Enough Rest: Prioritize getting adequate sleep to aid in recovery and ensure you’re well-rested for your rides.
  7. Pack Essential Gear: Ensure you have a well-stocked safety kit with items like spare tubes, tire levers, a multi-tool, and first aid supplies.
  8. Check the Weather Forecast: Plan for the expected weather conditions, dressing appropriately and bringing necessary gear like rain jackets or sun protection.
  9. Mental Preparation: Visualize yourself successfully navigating the route and practice positive self-talk to help build confidence and reduce anxiety.
  10. Ride with a Group or Partner: Consider joining a group ride or riding with a partner for added safety, motivation, and camaraderie.
By following these tips, you’ll be well-prepared to tackle your upcoming gravel bike rides and have a fun, memorable experience on the trail. 

Personalize and Comfort

Both gravel biking and mountain biking bring their own thrills, challenges, and rewards to the cycling world. Gravel biking provides an ideal blend of on- and off-road riding, focusing on endurance and exploration, while mountain biking is perfect for those seeking adrenaline-pumping excitement on rugged trails.  The best part? You don’t have to choose just one—many cyclists find joy in mixing it up and discovering the best of both worlds. So, grab your helmet, pick your path, and get ready to experience the adventure that awaits.

Happy Riding!

 

I hope you found this information helpful. Check out my other related posts such as A Cyclist’s Guide to the Road Bike Brands, Interval Training Tips for Cyclists, and The Most Common Reasons for Foot Numbness in Cyclists. We also recorded a relevant podcast on injuries and prevention.

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